Twilight at the League

The Art Students League of New York, 4th Floor Skylight Studio

4th Floor Skylight Studio

I wonder if anybody really cares anymore about painting indoors by daylight alone.  The reason I’m wondering is that The Art Students League of New York, my social club and workout facility for drawing and painting, will soon have none of it left in its historic north-light studios, at least not enough to paint by.

Maybe natural light is not so important for artists anymore.  But the north-light studios on our two uppermost floors have been the pride of the League since we moved into our current home, The American Fine Arts Society building on West 57th Street, way back in 1892.  That same year, Frank Vincent Dumond began teaching his principles of painting under the glorious and nonpareil light of day, or, more precisely, cool, indirect north light, which transforms the humblest of objects into the rarest of gems.  Dumond famously held court for 59 years in Studio 7, the biggest and best studio on the fourth floor, until his death in 1951.  His long-time student Frank Mason took over the class for another 57 years, until his death in 2009.  And Mason’s long-time student Thomas Torak continues to hold forth to this day in that very same studio. 

Double check my math, but that’s 121 years worth of unbroken tradition at this 138-year-old independent art school, which has been run by artists for artists since its founding in 1875.

Allyn Cox Drawing Class, Natural Light, 1st Floor, Glass Roof, 1940

Clay Sculpture Studio in Basement. Best Natural Light in the Building

Keith Gunderson, Morning Light, Clay Sculpture Studio, Oil on Canvas

There seems to be no huge outcry from the many students and instructors who frequent the five north-light studios on the fourth and fifth floors, the etching studios on the third floor, the drawing studio where Robert Beverly Hale taught anatomy for many years on the 2nd floor and the clay sculpture studios in the basement, so perhaps the answer to my question is “no” everywhere in the world today, with maybe a slight sigh of resignation from a few old-timers.  It seems like the best realist painters in America are dispensing with daylight entirely in their studios and are shining very bright artificial light on their subjects so they can paint them photographically.  Besides, artificial light is far more constant than even the best north light.  It provides fixed patterns of light and shade and makes rank amateurs happy painters.

Here at the League, two massive skyscrapers that will be erected next door and behind us over the next five or six years will probably snuff out most of the remaining natural light entering our studios.  Our light is already greatly compromised because of the construction of taller buildings to the north over the years, including a boarding school for the St. Thomas Episcopal Church boy’s choir.  That building reflects a noxious orange light into the north-light studios at certain times of the day.

Early Photo of the League Building on West 57th Street

Recent View of the League Building

Renderings of Extell's Skyscraper next to the League

Extell Development Co. will be erecting the tallest building in New York City right next door, an 88-floor behemoth that could rise to 1,550 feet if Extell decides to go ahead with its original proposal.  Final plans have not been divulged by the developer, but a height of 1,423 feet is the current projection.  The top 74 floors of the skyscraper will be a residential condominium tower, with a department store and hotel on the lower floors. 

A majority of The Art Students League members stupidly voted in 2005 to sell most of the League’s air rights to Extell for $23.1 million so the developer could build “higher.”  We just didn’t know how high at the time.  We thought maybe 40 floors or so.  Many of us voted "no" because we were sure the deal spelled trouble for the League down the road.

Former George W. Vanderbilt Gallery, about 1920. Currently divided into six studio classrooms

Our Board planned to use part of the “windfall” to recreate an exhibition gallery in the rear half of the first floor, a double-height, one-story structure with a glass roof that stretches north to West 58th Street.  That space was once the magnificent George W. Vanderbilt Gallery, which was completed in 1893.  The League converted that space many years ago into drawing and painting studios.  We also had plans to create two additional floors of natural light studios over that part of the League building.  Neither plan was carried forward.

Rendering of a Ground Level View of Extell's Cantilever

Now Extell wants to suspend one third of its residential tower as a cantilever over that part of our building to avoid having views of Central Park blocked by another skyscraper to be built right behind it on West 58th Street.  At least that’s one theory for why Extell wants its egregious cantilever over our building.

The League’s students and instructors don’t seem to terribly mind having this monstrosity hanging over the fully occupied studio classrooms located directly under the glass roof, which is now covered by ½-inch thick sheets of plywood and bitumen roof paper to keep the rain out.  In fact, 63 League instructors have even signed a petition in support of our Board’s recommendation to accept $25.8 million from Extell for our permission and more of our air rights so it can build its cantilever tower.  The League’s membership must ultimately approve or reject the sale and will vote on it later this month.

During the five-year construction phase of Extell’s skyscraper, I can imagine that protective netting and sheds and whatnot will obstruct the light entering through the League’s skylights and studio windows.  But we don’t yet know the extent of the protections, or how much natural light, if any, will enter the studios during construction.

Painters like me who prefer painting by natural light know that technical studies of reflected light and shadows, along with educated guesses, won’t give us the answer to the future of natural light at the League.  We know from experience with the church boarding school behind us that we won’t find out until the completion several years from now of Extell’s skyscraper and that other skyscraper behind it on West 58th Street, a 920-foot giant just north and a little to the west of the League. 

The League for many years has been the owner and sole occupant of the American Fine Arts Society building at 215 West 57th Street, which has been designated a city landmark.  In order to build its cantilever over our landmarked building, Extell had to win approval from the Landmarks Preservation Commission. Extell says it will commence its tower about 30 floors above the roof of our five-story building.  It will be like having permanent space-station pieds-à-terre in the sky above us for billionaire investors from the Middle East and Far East.

Extell Excavation Site with one of the League's 4th floor skylights in the lower left-hand corner, recent photo by Andrew McKeon for YIMBY website

The Landmarks Commission did not examine numerous safety issues regarding the excavation and construction phases of Extell’s skyscraper right next to our historic art school, which is open seven days and five evenings a week for art classes and workshops.  Being unaware of the Commission’s seeming lack of empathy, I even went to its hearing on Extell’s cantilever proposal to prattle on nervously about a “Sword of Damocles hanging over our heads” and the like, before being cut off just short of my brilliant summation, having exceeded my allotted three minutes.

Many other opponents of the cantilever also testified about safety, loss of light, shadows on Central Park, outsize scale, community input, inadequate compensation, etc.  After the testimony, both pro and con, the Commission Chair said, “Thank you very much,” and the Commission immediately took a vote to approve Extell’s cantilever 6 to 1.

All the Commission was tasked to consider, we learned, was whether a guy 6 ft. 4 in. tall would look directly across the street at the League and see the cantilever.  The Commission knows that in New York City nobody ever looks up for fear of stepping in something in their path.  Oh, and lest I forget, Extell, the Commission, and the Art Students League’s governing Board of Control, which is pushing for the sale, all confidently predict that the cantilever will have minimal effect on the light entering the League Studios.  Yeah, right!

It looks like Extell’s cantilever is a done deal, thanks to our foolishness for selling the developer our air rights in the first place back in 2005.

We don’t have to lose heart just yet, however.  Here is an online exchange between two readers of a New York Times article about past and future development on West 57th Street:  “But don't the studios in the Art Students' League need light?”   “$20M buys a ton of fancy bulbs.”

Well, we all know you can’t count on anything being around forever.  Not even daylight.